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(No Model.)

W. S. HOW.

'ARTIFIOIAL TOOTH.

No. 275,491. Patented Apr. 10,1883.

Inventor.

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l. WY w B W l UNITEDv STATES PATET OFFICE;

WOODBURY STORER HOW, OF CINOINNATI, OHIO, ASSIGNOR TO THE S. S. i WHITE DENTAL MANUFCTURING COMPANY, OF PHILADELPHIA, PA. I

SPECIFIGATION forming' part of Letters Patent No. 275,491, dated April 10, 1883. Application fiiea .Inne 12,1882. (No model.)

To all whom it may ooncern Be it known that I, WooDBURY S. How, of Cineinnati, in the county of Hamilton and State of Ohio, have invented certain new and 5 useful Improvements in Artificial Teeth and Crowns, ot' which the following is a specification.

My invention relates to artificial toothcrowns for the roots oflnatural teeth, and has [o for its object the provision of a more perfect means for securely fixing the artificial crown 5 on the root or fang while still in the month.

My invention consists in providing what is commonly known as a plain-plate toothcrown with two rearwa-rdly-projecting loops of Wire, arranged to form with the plain back.

a socket for the outer part of a post first firmly fixed in the root. Then by wedg'ing or by bending the loops on the post the crown is securely zo fixed on the root. Afterward a cement packed on the root, around the post, over theloops, and against the back affords additional security, tightjonts, and natural contour. My invention consists, furthermore, in certain modifications .and combinations, which will now be more particularly set forth with reference to the drawings,in which similar letters indicate like parts.

Figure 1 is a perspective serial view of a prepared root, a notched screw-post, and au improved crown. Fig.2 is a Vertical median section of a root and the investment or cement, with a side elevatio'n of a post, crown, and fixing' wedge or shim, all in final place. Fig. 3 is a Vertical median section of a root, its terraced filling, theinvestment, the screw-post, and a side eleration of an old grooved and looped crown, which Fig. 4 exhibits in perspective, with a double-looped crown, this 40 Fig. 4 being introduced to show the state ot' the art. Fig. 5 is a perspective of my angiecrown, with wireloops from Wing` to wing. Fig. 6 is a perspective of my angle-crown in place on a post fixed in a bicnspd tooth-root. Fig'. 7 is a perspective rear view of my plain back .crown and perforated loop.

Into the porcelain plain back incisor toothcrown A, Fig; 1, I have baked the ends of two round platinum-wire loops, so placed as to form a loop-socket, B B', for a round post, O,

notched at H, and screw-cut to fit the screwsocket Ein the natural-tooth root D. In practice I arch the root end as usual, enlarge the pnlp-cavity, and tap it to fit the screw-post C, that is then, by bending, aligned' for adjustinent vin suiting the lateral and other relations of the crown A, which is ea-sily put on and off the post O for that purpose. The four legs of the two loops B B' serve also, in conjunction with that region of the plain back,to maintain the crown in position on the post O while the occlusion of the opposin,r tooth receives due attention and then, by wedge or shim, as S, Fig.

2, or by bending the loops close against the screw-post,whieh has been first firmlyfix'edin the root, the crown is fixed on the root to the post. l have thus at this stage of the operation efi'ected an organization which is capable of use by the patient, because all the adjustments have been made, and the crown is secured to the fixed post; but for further security, and to insure a 'more lasting operation, I build either a gold or cement or amalgani abutment and hacking G, Fig. 2, overthe root end, into the looking-pit L, around the post O, into the notches H, between and over the loops B B', andagainst the plain back F, the round post and the round wire of the loops afi'ording a locking grasp for the investment, so that I thus make the hacking Vpractically in- So separable lfrom post or cro'wn'under outward stress, to which the baekingis often subjected when built up for grinding use.

The much-decayed root D', Fig. 3, I have terraced, as usual, to lock the fillingor cement K, in which I embed the screw or notched post O', arching the surface of the cement and forming the looking-pit L as in the case of the sound root D, Figs. 1 and 2. Then, after the cement has set, to fiX the post firmly in the foot, I adjust my crown on post and root, and in the present instanceI use the old grooved and looped crown A', Fig. 3, to illustrate my combination of the Wire loop B with the screwthreaded or notched post C', which is thus lgripped so tightly by the loop B as to render 4the crown A' capable of use independently of the investment G, which, if of cement, requires time for hardeniug.

The old crowns A' and A, Fig. 4, are de- Ioo inf-5,491

fective by reason of the groove P, which weakspecified, come within the scope of my in'venens the crown, and also prevents the investtion.

ment from grasping the round post, such defects being rendered manifest by comparison with my improved crown A.

My angle-crown A'. I1`ig.5, has the outer faces of the wings I IV' shaped like a bicnspid tooth, and is shown in position on a right superior bicnspid root, D, Fig. 6, ready for the cement investmcnt to be contoured for use as a grindcr. The angle-crown Al, Fig. 5, is reversible, and thns adapted for either side of the month, as required.

My plain back crown, A, Fig. 7, has a loop of sheet metal, B, perforated at O to let the cement into the looking notches or threads ot' the post, and also to ati'ord the cement alocking grasp on the socket B, especially when for ocolusion it may be necessary to cut away much of the socket.

In adjusting either of' my crowns inward the post may be scarfed to lie flat against the plain back. rl`he post may be of any suitable size, form, or metal, and its outer end may be split for bending down over the loop. The post may also be a straight screw with a squareshouldered head to engage the loop and removably lock the crown on the root, leaving the head for that purpose uncovered by the cement. Any sort of filling-gold or cement or amalgam-may be employed for the investment, and when amalgam is used I prefer a post of platinum.

Ialso make aplain back crown provided with four long plain or headed platinum pins, so arranged that they may be bent around the post as loop-socket eqnivalents of the loops B B', Figs. l and 2.

My crowns may also be made with the addition of artiticial gums for occasional use. My crowns may be mounted on plates of all kinds by the devices herein shown, and by others well known.

I do not claim groovcd and looped crowns like A' and r Figs. 3 and 4; nor do I claim a plain back crown with a single wire loop, the same being old and used in plastic plate-work; yet those crowns, all and singnlar, when combined with a post and root as hereinbefore I claim as my invcntion- 1. An artiticial tooth-crown having a plain back in which are securcd two wire loops or their equivalents, whereby said loops, in conjnnction with said plain back, form a socket for the reception of an anchoring-post and prevent lateral movement of the crown thereon, substantially as described.

2. '1`he combination of an artiticial toothcrown having a plain back, in which are fixed tlexible metal loops or their equivalents, with a uotched or threaded post fitted therein, whereby the loop-astenings may be bent or clinehed upon said post, and thereby securely lock the crown thereon, substantially as desoribed.

3. In combination, the following elements, to wit: I, a natural-tooth root in the month, preparcd to receive an artiticial crown; II, a metal uotched or threaded post screwed or otherwise fixed tirmly in the root; III, a porcelain tooth-crown having a plain back in which is fixed a wire loop socket that will clasp the uotched or threaded post when tightly bent upon said post to hold said crown firmly on said post, and closely against said root, substantially as described.

4. In combination, the following elements, to wit: I, a naturaI-tooth root in the month, prepared to receive an artificial crown; II, a metal uotched or threaded post screwed or otherwise fixed tirmly in the root; III, a porcelain tooth-erown having a plain back in which is fixed a wire-loop socketthat will clasp the uotched or threaded post when tightly bent upon said post to hold said crown tirmly on said post and closely against said root; and, IV, an investment of amalgam or its equivalcnt to form a contoured looking abutment and backing, substantially as described.

In testimony whereof I affix my signature in presence of two witnesses.

WOODBURY STORER HOVV.

Witnesses:

F. R. Motlonmcrt, A. W. MoComrrort; 

